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More Important Than Life: The Underground Archive of the Warsaw Ghetto | exhibition
From June 29, 2023, to January 7, 2024, the National Socialism Documentation Center in Munich will host the exhibition "More Important Than Life: The Underground Archive of the Warsaw Ghetto", organized in cooperation with the Jewish Historical Institute.
September 1939: ‘Something broke in the entire world’
‘I could not grasp the immensity of our misery’. The beginning of the great deportation from the Warsaw ghetto
June 26, 1942. BBC informs about the extermination of Polish Jews
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“Uncle has the apartment near you almost ready”. What are the letters in the Ringelblum Archive about?
What is crypto-information in the letters from Jews from 1942?
May 1942. The Germans shoot a film in the Warsaw Ghetto
On May 1, 1942, a German film crew came to the Warsaw ghetto to prepare an anti-Jewish propaganda film. It was entitled Das Ghetto. Read how the members of the Oneg Shabbat group saw these events.
“This is the first time I see the ghetto smile.” Photograph from March 11, 1942
“This is the first time I see the ghetto smile. On the face of a released prisoner,” Adam Czerniaków, the chairman of the Warsaw Judenrat, noted in his journal, looking at the photographs from March 11, 1942.
October 29, 1942. Assassination of Jakub Lejkin
79 years ago, the Jewish Combat Organization carried out its first execution in the Warsaw Ghetto. Eliahu Różański shot Jakub Lejkin – the chief of the Jewish police in Gęsia Street. Read how reports from the Ringelblum Archive describe the circumstances.
Quiet like a pigeon. Daniel Fligelman
A student and a refugee from Aleksandrów Kujawski, Daniel Fligelman transcribed, edited and copied testimonies about persecution of Jews in the ghettos, in the Eastern Borderlands, in labor camps. A „biting sense of humor” was a distinctive feature in his writings.
“Unprecedented in the history of mankind.” The great deportation from the Warsaw ghetto through the eyes of Abraham Lewin
79 years ago, the Germans began the great deportation of the inhabitants of the Warsaw ghetto to the Treblinka II extermination camp. 300,000 Jews were led to their deaths. Abraham Lewin, teacher, writer and member of the Oneg Shabbat group, described these terrible events in his diary.
Jakub Zylberberg
Philosopher, teacher, scholar associated with the political left wing. He was submitting education-themed writings by various authors to the Archive. His greatest contribution to the Archive was an insightful study written in Yiddish, dedicated to the wartime fate of teachers and students from the Jewish schools in Warsaw. The date and circumstances of his death remain unknown.
Warmth and lightness of style. Anniversary of the birth of Henryka Łazowertówna
112 years ago, Henryka Łazowertówna was born – a poet, social activist, member of the Oneg Shabbat group. For the Ringelblum Archive, she wrote down accounts of Jewish refugees struggling with poverty and hunger. She wrote one of the most famous works from the Warsaw Ghetto – the poem The Little Smuggler.
45th anniversary of Rachela Auerbach’s death
45 years ago, on May 31, 1976, Rachela Auerbach, a journalist and writer, one of only three members of the Oneg Shabbat group who managed to survive the war, died in Israel. She did everything to find the Ringelblum Archive, buried under the rubble of Warsaw. After the war, she testified in the trial of Adolf Eichmann and tried to ensure that the memories of Holocaust witnesses were recorded, and not only noted down. Before her death, she managed to prepare two books.
Treasury for the priceless Archive. See how we store documents from the Warsaw ghetto
Within the Oneg Szabat Program, we strive to provide the best possible storage conditions for the invaluable collection of documents – the Ringelblum Archive. In May 2021, we have completed the next important phase of the long-term modernization project of the former Main Judaic Library building at 3/5 Tłomackie Street in Warsaw. We reserved a space within the special collection’s storehouse and created a repository dedicated solely to housing the Underground Archive of the Warsaw Ghetto. Thanks to this, we managed to provide even better protection for the Archive, meeting the highest global standards for storing archival documentation.
A writer in the Warsaw ghetto. Listen to the podcast about Rachela Auerbach
We invite you to listen to the third episode of the Oneg Szabat Podcast. Dr. Karolina Szymaniak (Jewish Historical Institute/University of Wrocław) tells about Rachela Auerbach, writer, journalist and social activist, associate of Emanuel Ringelblum.
The Archive’s guardian, teacher, man of letters. Israel Lichtensztajn
A teacher, social worker, a man of letters – Israel Lichtensztajn was one of the key figures of the Oneg Shabbat group. Together with Dawid Graber and Nachum Grzywacz, he hid from the Germans the first two parts of the Ringelblum Archive, containing over 35,000 pages of materials, in the basement at 68 Nowolipki Street. He died in the first days of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, which broke out on April 19, 1943.
A handful of doomed in a hopeless fight. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
On April 19, 1943, the Germans entered the Warsaw ghetto. The insurgents, mostly young people from the Jewish Fighting Organization and the Jewish Military Union, opened fire. The creator of the Underground Archive of the Warsaw Ghetto, Emanuel Ringelblum, witnessed the preparations and fights.
Emanuel Ringelblum – optimist who believed in the human being
21 November marks the 120th birthday anniversary of Emanuel Ringelblum, historian and social activist, founder of Oneg Shabbat – an underground organization dedicated to the documentation of the fate of Jews under the German occupation.
February 22, 1943. Jewish Combat Organization assassinates Alfred Nossig, a Gestapo collaborator
At the end of February 1943, the Jewish Combat Organization carried out another execution in the Warsaw ghetto. Alfred Nossig, once an important Zionist activist, sculptor and Gestapo collaborator, was shot in his own apartment at Muranowska 42 Street.
New edition of “Polish-Jewish Relations during the Second World War” by Emanuel Ringelblum
A new edition of Emanuel Ringelblum’s essay, devoted to the relations of Poles and Jews during World War II, is now available in the bookstore of the Jewish Historical Institute.
„What we’ve been unable to shout out to the world”. The guide to the JHI permanent exhibition is now available
A guide to the permanent exhibition at the Jewish Historical Institute is now available in Polish. The exhibition devoted to the Underground Archive of the Warsaw Ghetto and the Oneg Shabbat group can be viewed since 2017 at the JHI seat in Warsaw.
Keeping faith during the “years of madness.” Listen to the podcast about Kalonymus Kalman Shapiro, the tzaddik of the Warsaw ghetto
We invite you to listen to the second part of the Oneg Szabat Podcast! The episode “The Life of Kalman Kalonimus Szapiro,” dedicated to the tzadik from the Warsaw ghetto, is now available on your streaming platform.
Beniamin Rozenfeld. Draftsman of the Warsaw ghetto, conspirator, insurgent
The identity of Beniamin Rozenfeld, the author of a series of five drawings from the Ringelblum Archive, depicting the living conditions and death in the Warsaw Ghetto, was established by Józef Sandel and confirmed by Dr. Agnieszka Żółkiewska. Learn about the researcher's findings.
What was the destiny of Emanuel Ringelblum? Listen to the podcast
We are excited to invite you to listen to the premiere Oneg Szabat Podcast! The first episode ‘The destiny of Emanuel Ringelblum’ is available now on your podcast platform.
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